Magazine

Bibliography: * A hunger artist:  available in:  https://americanliterature.com/author/franz-kafka/short-story/a-hunger-artist
* Wuthering Heights available in : www.planetpublish.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Wuthering_Heights_T.pdf

Magazine

Magazine from Angie Marcela Garay   
  
Bibliography: 
* Eveline available in:  americanliterature.com/author/james-joyce/short-story/eveline
* After the Race available in: americanliterature.com/author/james-joyce/short-story/after-the-race

* Wuthering Heights available in : www.planetpublish.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Wuthering_Heights_T.pdf

A Hunger Artist by Franz Kafka- Mountain Diagram

Bibiography:

• A Hunger Artist available in: americanliterature.com/author/franz-kafka/short-story/a-hunger-artist 

Eveline by James Joyce

Bibliography:
The texts used in this acrostic are available in:

• Eveline:  americanliterature.com/author/james-joyce/short-story/eveline
• The Fish: americanliterature.com/author/anton-chekhov/short-story/the-fish
• Christmas Every Day: americanliterature.com/author/william-dean-howells/short-story/christmas-every-day
• The Sphinx Without a Secret: americanliterature.com/author/oscar-wilde/short-story/the-sphinx-without-a-secret
• Regret: americanliterature.com/author/kate-chopin/short-story/regret
• The Child's Story: americanliterature.com/author/charles-dickens/short-story/the-childs-story

Regret by Kate Chopin

The first night in that farm none of the children could sleep, without the kiss of his mother and without the story that helped them to have sweet dreams, it was impossible to fall asleep. Marclette and Marcline began to speak as usually they did when the moon was raising firmly in the sky and the dream was absent.

 Marcline: Have you noticed the sadness in Mamzelle Aurlie's eyes? I think that she does not like that we are here.

Marclette: I do not believe that it is because of us, her eyes are like that always.

Even the few times that I saw her on the local market already her eyes were reflecting that  something is lacking in her.

Marcline: Something?

Something as what?

Marclette: Something that gives life to her eyes and strength to her spirit, something that is not simply money or the many crops that she has here, something real that is not only  a vain human illusion.

Marcline: Something as love I think.

Marclette: Yes Marcline, something as love for the things she does and for the people around her.

Marcline: Maybe nobody wanted to love her and to share with her his life.

Marclette: Or maybe the barrier she put in her heart did not let her see simple things like the beauty of love and be loved.  That happens more often than you can imagine, many times we focus on big things but that actually are empty.

Marcline: It happens for being an embittered lady, that is why she is alone now.

Marclette: Do not say that, we must not judge the people and you know it, because mom has taught that to us.

And as I read in my favorite book The little Prince “It is only with the heart that one can see rightly; What is essential is invisible to the eye”, we should not be fooled by our eyes, we must learn to see beyond, to see the heart.

Nobody answered because Marcline was already asleep.

The days passed, apparently no one was happy with their stay, they just wanted the time goes fast and leave that place as soon as possible, it seems that Mamzelle Aurlie thought in the same way.

Were enough few nights and days for change this thought. By the moment in which their mom arrived and they must go to their home a strange feeling filled their hearts and a deep sadness covered their eyes.

They did not know that while the car was moving away Mamzelle Aurelie was sitting beside the table with great regret in her heart.

Bibliography:

• You can see the text in which this dialogue was based here:         https://americanliterature.com/author/kate-chopin/short-story/regret
• How to onstruct a script: www.youtube.com/watch?v=VfJMXLCu1-o
• The Little Prince- Antoine de Saint Exupéry; page        #48 http://download.bioon.com.cn/upload/201111/21084046_8501.pdf   

The Story of An Hour by Kate Chopin

1) Too/ To

•       "Her husband's friend Richards was there, too, near her.” Chopin Kate, The Story of An Hour; paragraph  #2
•       She goes to the school.

2) Been/ Bean

•      “It was he who had been in the newspaper office when intelligence of the railroad disaster was received, with Brently Mallard's name leading the list of "killed." Chopin Kate, The Story of An Hour; paragraph #2
•      In Colombia there is a typical food that contains bean, its name is “Bandeja Paisa”.

3) Had/ Hat

•          “He had only taken the time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram, and had hastened to forestall any less careful, less tender friend in bearing the sad message.” Chopin Kate, The Story of An Hour; paragraph  #2
•         That woman has a beautiful hat.

4)  By/ Bye

•         “Into this she sank, pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach into her soul. .” Chopin Kate, The Story of An Hour; paragraph  #3
•          Good bye my friend.

5-6-7) This/ These - Thing/ Think – Two/ To

•          “She was beginning to recognize this thing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back with her will--as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been. .” Chopin Kate, The Story of An Hour; paragraph  #3
•         These books were written by the same author.
•          I think that we must smile every day.
•          I wrote this letter to you.

8) Beat/ Beat

•          “Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.” Chopin Kate, The Story of An Hour; paragraph  #10
•       Portugal beat France in the final match of the “Eurocopa”

9) Knew/ New

•          “She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in death; the face that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed and gray and dead.”Chopin Kate, The Story of An Hour; paragraph  #11
•         Today I ate a new flavor of ice cream.

10)  Know/ Now

•         “She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name.” Chopin Kate, The Story of An Hour; paragraph  #20
•         Now I am tired.

  Bibliography:

    1) americanliterature.com/author/kate-chopin/short-story/the-story-of-an-hour

The McWilliamses And The Burglar Alarm by Mark Twain

Today I resign to  other bodies,  I only  want yours

My waiving is clear, I don’t want that other hands touch my body, or that other eyes look at me

I just want your voice whispering in my ear pleasantly an "I love you" while our hearts beat so strong  forming a scandal of feelings.

I just want your presence enlightening my days.

The heart hastens, remembering that solemn moment in which we were lost in our own world, that world in which I am totally yours and you are totally mine, moments that for the rest of the world are seemingly evanescent, but that in our own world are endless.

Today you and me  leave the wanton past behind, the past that hurt us, the past of a feeble love of which now  cue does not exist anymore.

Bibliography:

1) americanliterature.com/author/mark-twain/short-story/the-mcwilliamses-and-the-burglar-alarm

A True Story, Repeated Word for Word As I Heard It by Mark Twain

-Twain Mark; A True Story, Repeated Word for Word As I Heard It , paragraph #1

Bibliography:

1) Text available in :  https://americanliterature.com/author/mark-twain/short-story/a-true-story-repeated-word-for-word-as-i-heard-it

One Autumn Night by Maxim Gorky

- Gorky Maxim, One Autumn Night paragraph #6

Bibliography:

1)  americanliterature.com/author/maxim-gorky/short-story/one-autumn-night

The Model Millionaire

EPIGRAPH

Wilde says: " 'The only people a painter should know,' he used to say, 'are people who are bete and beautiful, people who are an artistic pleasure to look at and an intellectual repose to talk to." (Paragraph #4)

Bibliography:

1) americanliterature.com/author/oscar-wilde/short-story/the-model-millionaire

2) http://thewritepractice.com/epigraph/

The Sphinx Without a Secret by Oscar Wilde

Paradoxically we put mystery to the mystery

In this tale Oscar Wilde shows us a love history surrounded by the mystery and by the impotence of a man that loves an unknown beauty, the mysticism of Lady Alroy caught him, this is not the currently love history, this is one that shows us what love is in some occasions: A mystery and not just because a person in the relation is surrounding by secrets and hidden things, also because love for its own is a mystery.

My hypothesis based on this text is: Nowadays people used to give too much importance about what they see of others, about the appearance and what they can perceives, and is common to see that people used to judge only for a general perception of the other, and we really do not know about the reasons the others have to act in the way they do,  is most of the cases we do not let our self to see beyond what all people used to see, we focus only in the generalities and is some occasions this does not let us enjoy to be with someone, because we think only in what the other could be hiding and this delete for us the opportunity to be with someone, like is shown is this text, only because the distrust.

            I can say that some of us, as women like to have some mystery, not because we have something to occult, just because is bored to be as common as others, is bored that a person looks at you, and in that moment that person is able to know all about us, is good to be transparent but it only let the others see ALL about us, and there is not any more interest to discovered what else we have in that situation we do no need to see beyond. In my personal opinion is in the eyes of the other where we can find the mystery, ones bigger that others, but it does not mean that the mystery is not there, but is too important to have clear that mystery is not always bad.

            The society is not able to understand that real beauty is never in the physical part, the mystery is what involves the beauty, is what captive most of the people, is those things that if we look in a superficial way we cannot discover, Wilde (1894) says: “Its beauty was a beauty moulded out of many mysteries - the beauty, in face, which is psychological, not plastic-” (paragraph #9) , nowadays our society give more importance to that plastic beauty, and the psychological beauty is not as important as it should be, people is in the wrong path, trying to put their attention in common things that are in any place, in this common society, and those ones which beauty is full of mystery are judge.

In Colombian context  is common to see that in most of the cases relations are over just because the distrust, but love is supposed to be able of overcome all those things that do not let the relation go beyond, but now in this society in which all things have become disposable and temporally, even the relationships, the love have another meaning, we do not trust in the other, Wilde (1894) says: “I cannot love where I cannot trust” (paragraph #2) and like this is the thinking of most of the people in our society in which is easier to throw something that is not working good, instead that from the beginning built it strong, and step by step make it able to work, we do not realize that love involve mystery, and we most see beyond not where all people used to see, we most built the trust and that  is not common in this society.

            Finally I can say that is important to learn how to give our attention to what other can offer to us, not only in what we can see of them because most of the time this is only a wrong and superficial perception.

If we judge other just because, we can be making a big mistake because we delete the opportunity to know the other, to build the trust between us, and this is why we must not to make accusations without knowing what is the real reason that the other person has.

We do not have to judge the mystery, because this is something that is in all of us, because anybody never is going to be able to know all about you, something will be always a mystery.

Bibliography:

1) americanliterature.com/author/oscar-wilde/short-story/the-sphinx-without-a-secret

Rikki-Tikki-Tavi by Rudyard Kipling

HYPOTHESIS 

In this story we see how a little mongoose that because of a flood was displaced of the place in which he lived arrive to an unknown place an there the mongoose received the help of a family and since that moment Rikki-Tikki decided to stay there and help them in all that it could. But the mother was distrusted of the mongoose intentions because it is a wild creature.

My hypothesis based on this text is:

• It does not matter the real intention you have, you will be down what the others think about you.                                                                   Nowadays everyone can be judge because the appearance, the position, or the past, and it does not matter the real intension of help the other, the absurd accusations are more frequent in a society on which trust in the others has become almost impossible.

Bibliography:

1. americanliterature.com/author/rudyard-kipling/short-story/rikki-tikki-tavi
2. es.slideshare.net/17somya/hypothesis-16733191

Kew Gardens by Virginia Woolf

I am again here

shaky in the middle of this gloom

missing the smell of your perfume 

while is rolling a tear.

Do you remember all those uttered words?

words that now you jerked to the past

Why the time consumed this love?

Why everything got lost?

Awkwardly you could not value my love 

you preferred divert yourself of this way

“Here is nothing else to do”

these words were those ones you said. 

I continue feeling the tact of your back slightly naked over my lap

my trembling hands crossing it softly

meanwhile we were falling in our own trap

of which we might not liberate ourselves.

We get lost beneath this surrender

feverishly we love each other

and now he runs away as would do any offender

he didn’t notice that you cannot leave the soul that captive you, and fill the empty space with another.

Like this are the ups and downs of love

All our love finally extinguishes us.

Bibliography:

1. americanliterature.com/author/virginia-woolf/short-story/kew-gardens 
2. www.wikihow.com/Write-a-Poem

Christmas Every Day - William Dean Howells

Bibliography:

• Text available in: americanliterature.com/author/william-dean-howells/short-story/christmas-every-day

Final Essay

SANE LITERATURE IN A MAD SOCIETY

This tale of Ambrose Bierce talks about a boy whose name is Boffer Bings who is narrating the honest and humble works of their parents, his father works in a factory of dog-oil and his mother works disposing of unwelcome babes. Boffer narrates the little responsibilities he must do in the familiar industry. In one of those duties one day he was in charge to delete one child’s body and the only solution he find was to throw the body to the cauldron in which the oil was prepare, the result of this accident brings to his parents a big ambition of produce the oil with this “secret ingredient” and as consequence they went mad of power and greed.

The main characters in the tale are:

·         Boffer Bings, The narrator of the story (First-person narrative)

·         Boffer’s parents

·         The constable

·         The child’s whose body was throwing to the cauldron.

In my own opinion this tale is so interesting because it is not in the common things we used to read. Since the moment the reader begging the tale the author makes us get interested on it, since the first four lines all a uncommon idea is introducing the whole text this makes that the reader wants to go deeper through the tale, other thing that calls my attentions is that in most parts of the tale is something that makes the reader get impact. I like the tale a lot and this type of literature is something that all of us must read.

            In this tale we can see something that is part of what all of us live, and this is the influence of the paternal figure and its importance in the development of an individual, in my personal case the powerful paternal figure I has is the one of my mother and I think in most of the cases each person has this influence that marks the way we think and act. Nowadays we can notice that the youth is so damage, and if we do not have a strong way of being (that like I say before is principal instructed by our parents) the bad influence of others will affect us; Bierce (1911) says “The holy influence of my dear mother was ever about me to protect me from the temptations which beset youth”. Bierce shows us how important is the paternal influence, it does not matter if is in a bad or good way.                     

Some of the things that we can see in this tale are the ambition, the madness and the violence and now I want to focus in the last one, especially in how the domestic violence is part of the daily life in Colombia in many families this is common, and this bring unrecoverable consequences as the ones we can see in the tale. In some occasions the greater affected is the kids that are obliged to face this things in their families since an early age; Bierce (1911) says ”  For one instant they looked into each other's blazing eyes and then sprang together with indescribable fury. Round and round, the room they struggled, the man cursing, the woman shrieking, both fighting like demons—she to strike him with the dagger, he to strangle her with his great bare hands. I know not how long I had the unhappiness to observe this disagreeable instance of domestic infelicity” Bierce wrote this in 1911 and I think that is not causality that he describes exactly what happen in Colombia with the domestic violence, I think it does not matter the place or the time, if we do not create conscience, this will happen during a long time.

Finally I can say that this tale is not “weird”, the weird thing here is that a normal person get scary about this type of text but they do not get scary when they turn on the television or the radio and they heard about violence, massacres, rapes and kidnappings… This is normal for the eyes of ignorance, and normally those people are the ones that do not do something to change the problems this tale show us.

This tale make me thing about the importance to read this type of literature, because is the principal things in which we are able to notice and to analyses some social problems in a more clear way, but that is not common.

-Angie Marcela Garay, Bogota D.C

24 of March, 2016

Bibliography:

·         Bierce, A. Text available in http://www.ciudadseva.com/sevacity/stories/en/bierce/oil_of_dog.htm

How the Widow Won the Deacon by William James Lampton

Online Literature 

I think that in most of the cases on online literature is not something that makes us get decide to buy a book.

For example the case of the short story How The Widow Won The Deacon in the web page boo ganga we notice that the only thing there,is a short description of the short story, and a little analysis of American literature and how the humor have been involved on it.

I think that in those web pages is important to be more descriptive in the books, and by mean of this give to the reader a bigger perspective of what he will read, like this the reader is able to choose, to analyze and to decide if is a good idea to spend money on it.

This story has lot of details, and many materials to do a description of it, to persuade the people to read and the web page that I consult do not take advantage of it.

I can say that this story is interesting and they show the absurd thing a woman would do for a man, in some occasions we as women so something for to avoid the pain to the person we love, without mattering the pain we will suffer because of that, can be a social critique or only a way to show something that happen since a long time ago.  I cannot compere my idea with the one of the web page, because nothing is there.

I think that is not a better way to buy literature that going to the library, search shelf by shelf until you find a book that calls your attention, and then read the description in the back part of the book and if you like the book then you will buy it and finally the best part is coming, you open the book and enjoy the smell of the book’s sheets.. This is what I used to call “The book soul”. 

That is something the online literature cannot, they can’t show the essence of a literary piece.

Bibliography:

1. americanliterature.com/author/william-james-lampton/short-story/how-the-widow-won-the-deacon
2. http://www.bookganga.com/ebooks/Books/details/5274823206509286316?BookName=How+The+Widow+Won+The+Deacon

The Hanging Stranger by Philip K. Dick

Colombian Context

 "They have the whole town. The City Hall and the police station. They hung a man from the lamppost” - The Hanging Stranger; Philip K. Dick

Something is taking the whole town…

Is an alien invasion? Is product of our minds? Or is only a real situation, happening to real people in a real country?

Is not product of our mind, is not that we are ill, and the solution is not go to the doctor because we are talking about something that is not real.

Sadly here is so common see how the people must face a lot of problems because of those ones that with them corruption are becoming rich mean while they are making the people poor. Those ones that already take the City Hall, the police station, the transportation services, the system of health and the educational system, all things that compound a society are already stained by that “unknown” thing that is surrounding us since long time ago.

“They take over one area at a time. Starting at the top—the highest level of authority. Working down from there in a widening circle. When they're firmly in control they go on to the next town. They spread, slowly, very gradually. I think it's been going on for a long time."

"A long time?"

"Thousands of years. I don't think it's new."

-The Hanging Stranger; Philip K. Dick

Each day for a normal person is more difficult to obtain at least the necessary things we need for survive and that is because something is wrong here, because the injustice is getting big and the equality is disappearing.  

But the corruption is not the only problem, we must notice also that while this is happening in front of the eyes of all people some of us are blind, we do not notice that we have to do something to put an end to this situation that is surrounding us.

I really do not know which problem is bigger here… The corruption of the ones in the upper part of the hierarchy, or the ignorance of people that notice it and do not do anything.

"And the strange part was that nobody else seemed to notice it" - The Hanging Stranger; Philip K. Dick

Bibliography:

• americanliterature.com/author/philip-k-dick/short-story/the-hanging-stranger

The Child’s Story- Charles Dickens

This story was published in the mid-1800s by Charles Dickens and talks about a magic journey in which all of us are in, the life.

“And was to seem very long when he began it, and very short when he got half way through.”

This story shows all the stages of the life, the childhood, the adolescence, the moment in which we have to lose an important person, or the moment we must look when our life is gone, when the leaves of the tree are falling down.

The path all of us must walk always until the moment the wood turns yellow, is a path in which we must play, learn, be in love, be busy, meat a lot of friends and also lose them and finally sit down to remember all things we lived.

And at the end we are going to notice that we had not lost anything, because each one of the steps in this path let us one experience and knowledge. Each person that crosses our path let to us something good or bad but at the end we always learn, and that is why we are here.

I think this story is so interesting because since the first moment the author takes us to a very descriptive world, with a lot of details, and descriptions and this makes that the readers wants to go deeper through the story. Is so nice because the background of this story depend a lot of the perspective of each reader and the interpretation each person wants to give for each line of the story because all of us think in a different way and that is why this story takes each person to a different memory of their life, can be the moments the person used to play or the first love. I think the author wanted that in the moment a person read this literary work fell a lot of things and this is the essence of The Child's story and this is what makes this story its way of fascinating.

Bibliography:

     1.    americanliterature.com/author/charles-dickens/short-story/the-childs-story

     2. www.youtube.com/watch?v=ePFcOdfeTCg

     3. www.youtube.com/watch?v=WmRMjCfLEtA

The Fish by Anton Chekhov.

Literature and culture.

The literature is one part of art, the art of showing an idea, a feeling, or knowledge in a topic using the letters and by mean of this to influence the culture.

Since always literature and culture have been of the hand, all cultural aspects during the whole history are show in books, tales, poems, journals, newspapers, etc. And all these things have an influence in the culture nowadays.

To understand the cultural aspects in this story we most know the cultural influences the writer had, Anton Chekhov was a Russian short story writer, and we can say that one important industry in Russia is the fishing, in all cultures the people try always to find a way of surviving, people that are near the lakes, rivers or oceans use this as method of sustainability and to show all attempts those men had to capture the eel-pout is a sample of those cultural aspects.

“The fish makes a sudden, unexpected upward movement with its tail and the fishermen hear a loud splash . . . they all put out their hands, but it is too late; they have seen the last of the eel-pout”

-Anton Chekhov; The Fish.

Five men in a boat were trying to capture an eel-pout, they worked hard, they had some problems and discussions between them, but they were always metallized in fishing the eel-pout. When finally they obtain their goal, that fish scapes of their hands, and they could not do anything.

It does not matter how much time you spend trying to do something, it does not matter how much energy you spend, in one second all these effort can be uselessly, and that thing you obtain can escape of your hands.

One person teaches me that it does not matter the time an Olympic sportsman spend preparing its self to a competition, in one second is able to lose everything.

That happens in the tale, that happen in the life, and Anton Chekhov show by mean of literature how society and culture have been living that situation since always. 

Bibliography
1.americanliterature.com/author/anton-chekhov/short-story/the-2.fishhttp://www.lanqua.eu/theme/literature-and-culture

A DEFENSELESS CREATURE- ANTON CHEKHOV

Type of literature and story elements 

The short story of Anton Chekhov talks about one woman which her husband Shtchukin, a collegiate assessor was ill during five months and she was going to a bank to ask for his salary. But she never realized a bank was the wrong place to ask it.

This story takes place in the bank office of Kistunovin in which the whole story is developed.

The problem in which all story developed was the salary of Mister Shtchukin but we can also say that the attitude and insistence was the biggest part of the problem and as a consequence the health of Kistunovin was affected.

The solution of that problematic in the story was finally gave to Madame Sktchunkin part of the money she was asking for… But was it a real solution?

I do not think that, because she goes again the next day for the same think and that will make the story repeat again.

The main characters in the story are:

•  Madame Shtchukin  the woman that wants people  see her as a victim, saying all the time she was weak, ill and that none understood her situation.
• Kistunovin,The one that always has direct communication with Madame Shtchukin, he always tried to explain Madame Shtchukin that he can not do anything to solve her problem.
• Shtchukin  who never was directly in the story, but all things that happened there happened  because of him.

Finally we can  conclude this story is part of the second type of literature because  the literature of Anton Chekhov are mainly tales in which he narrated  situations with concise and precise details and by mean of this the reader has a big mental image of all things in the story.

He was also recognized by his books, and his literary works are all in the second type.

Bibliography:

1. www.youtube.com/watch?v=a0qq0h4xN34&feature=youtu.be 
2. http://images.slideplayer.com/5/1491129/slides/slide_9.jpg
3. americanliterature.com/author/anton-chekhov/short-story/a-defenseless-creature

  -Angie Garay.